Abstract ▼

Despite Norbert elias’s moderate importance in International Practice Theory (IPT) and the occasional admittance that his work sometimes displays realist principles on the international stage, it has hitherto largely overlooked that The Civilizing Process starts out with an essentially realist picture of human nature. Only through norm internalization processes and discourse gets this nature altered in a constructivist way by the socialized environment rationalselfish agents find themselves in after the institution of sanctioning forces. Furthermore, individuals integrate into the social apparatus out of rational selfinterest. Thus, the theory never completely loses its realist roots. This article attempts to contribute to International Relations (IR) theory by augmenting classical realism’s dogmatic theory of crime & punishment with elias’s gradual process of social norms alienating ‘state of nature’ individuals internally and cognitively. The ‘social contract’ is thus reinterpreted as a gradual process of collective emergence.

Abstract ▼

This paper presents the results of an analysis of three eurasian integration projects – the BRI, the eAeU and the SCO, which intersect in Central Asia. The author identifies the political and economic interests of Russia and China in these projects and reviews priority tasks for Moscow and Beijing based on their national interests for cooperation in the international arena. The article also sets forth recommendations for promoting Russia – China interaction. Particular attention is given to multilateral collaboration within the SCO, the Belt and Road Initiative and the eurasian economic Union.

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This paper deals with the transnational political activism of the Albanian and Uyghur diaspora organisations in comparative perspective. Starting from the similarities in the behaviour of the two diasporas on the international level, the paper explores the main mobilization practices, effective strategies and master discursive frames that were used by the Albanian and Uyghur diaspora organisations in attempts to achieve secessionist objectives and independence. The paper shows how the Albanian and Uyghur diaspora internationalize the Kosovo and Xinjiang issue by involving international state and non-state actors and adapting their political demands to the interests of international actors, which provided them with financial, political and moral assistance in their effort to resolve the Albanian and Uyghur national cause. Also, the paper deals with the Albanian and Uyghur organizations in the diaspora which used violent means of achieving political goals.

Abstract ▼

Monetary and fiscal policies and measures are the primary instruments of creating general balance in the economy of a country. Their expansion or contraction depends on the defined goals and existing macroeconomic variables. In the case of the unification of east and West Germany, economists have found that a different macroeconomic environment requires a different combination of macroeconomic variables and the necessity for their dynamics (change) during the time. The global economic crisis in 2008 again raised the question of efficiency of the basic types of measures of the implemented policies. Researches dealing with this topic, which are gaining more and more attention, show us the need for compatibility of monetary and fiscal policy measures and in this respect the creation of innovative models of implementation that are correlated with sustainable economic growth and development. The aim of this paper is to illustrate through the case of the developed countries like the USA and Japan the necessity of compatibility of monetary and fiscal policy measures as instruments for economic growth. At the time of the global economic crisis in 2008, these countries applied non-standard measures in resolving recession and achieving economic growth and thus innovated the previous models of economic policy. The paper examines the period from 2000 to 2016 and the dynamics of the following variables: GDP, unemployment rate, inflation, external debt coverage by GDP. The hypothesis of the research is that as the higher degree of compatibility of monetary and fiscal policy measures are, the greater their efficiency in economic growth and development are.